COP, and why it matters
Coefficient of Performance = heat delivered / electricity in. A COP of 3.5 means for every 1 kWh of electricity, you get 3.5 kWh of heat. Modern cold-climate heat pumps sustain COP 2.5+ down to −15°C.
Where the savings come from
Replacing an 85% efficient gas furnace with a COP-3.5 heat pump cuts primary energy use by ~65% and emissions by 50–80%, depending on your grid.
Frequently asked questions
- Do heat pumps work in freezing weather?
- Modern cold-climate models work efficiently to −25°C. Below that, backup resistance heating kicks in briefly.
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